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Unit I
Overview of C, Selection Structures & Loops
C Fundamentals, Operators, Selection and Repetition
2-Mark Questions
15- What are the basic elements of the C language?
- What is a variable? How is a variable declared in C?
- List the fundamental data types available in C.
- What is the general form of a C program?
- What is an operator? Name the different categories of operators in C.
- What is operator precedence?
- What is an expression in C?
- What is the purpose of the if statement?
- What is a compound statement?
- What is a decision step in an algorithm?
- What is repetition in a program?
- What is a counting loop?
- What is the difference between while and do-while loops?
- What is the purpose of the for statement?
- What is a nested loop?
5-Mark Questions
12- Explain the basic elements of the C language with suitable examples.
- Explain variable declarations and data types in C.
- Explain the general structure of a C program with an example.
- Explain different types of operators and expressions in C.
- Explain operator precedence and its importance in evaluating expressions.
- Explain the if statement and if statement with compound statements.
- Explain how decision steps are represented while designing an algorithm.
- Explain the while statement with a suitable example.
- Explain the for statement and its components.
- Explain the do-while statement with an example.
- Explain nested loops and their applications.
- Explain how a loop can be designed to compute a sum or product.
10-Mark Questions
6- Explain the fundamental elements of C and the general structure of a C program with a suitable example.
- Explain variables, data types, operators, expressions and operator precedence in C with examples.
- Explain selection structures in C, including conditions, if statements and compound statements.
- Explain repetition and loop statements in C. Discuss while, for and do-while loops with examples.
- Explain loop design, counting loops, conditional loops and nested loops with suitable examples.
- Develop an algorithm and C program to demonstrate selection and repetition structures.
Unit II
Functions, Pointers & Modular Programming
Top-Down Design, Functions, Pointers and Scope
2-Mark Questions
15- What is top-down design?
- What is a structure chart?
- What is a function in C?
- What is a library function?
- What is a function without arguments?
- What is a function with input arguments?
- What is a pointer?
- What is the indirection operator?
- What is an output parameter?
- What is modular programming?
- What is the scope of a name?
- What is meant by passing an argument to a function?
- What are input/output parameters?
- What is the difference between actual and formal parameters?
- Why are functions used in program development?
5-Mark Questions
12- Explain top-down design with a suitable example.
- Explain structure charts and their role in program design.
- Explain library functions in C with examples.
- Explain functions without arguments with a suitable C program.
- Explain functions with input arguments with an example.
- Explain pointers and the indirection operator.
- Explain how pointers can be used as output parameters.
- Explain modular programming using functions.
- Explain scope of names in C.
- Explain the difference between formal parameters and actual arguments.
- Explain multiple calls to a function using input/output parameters.
- Explain how functions improve program modularity and reusability.
10-Mark Questions
6- Explain top-down program design, structure charts and the process of building programs from existing information.
- Explain functions in C, including library functions, functions without arguments and functions with input arguments.
- Explain pointers and the indirection operator. Demonstrate their use with functions.
- Explain functions with output parameters and multiple calls using input/output parameters with suitable programs.
- Explain scope of names, formal parameters and actual arguments in C with examples.
- Explain modular programming in C and demonstrate how a problem can be divided into reusable functions.
Unit III
Arrays & Strings
Arrays, Searching, Sorting, Strings and Multidimensional Arrays
2-Mark Questions
15- What is an array?
- How is a one-dimensional array declared in C?
- What is an array subscript?
- How are array elements accessed sequentially?
- How can an array element be passed to a function?
- What is an array argument?
- What is a parallel array?
- What is an enumerated type?
- What is a multidimensional array?
- What is a string in C?
- How is a string represented in C?
- What is string concatenation?
- What is string comparison?
- Name any four string library functions.
- What is an array of pointers?
5-Mark Questions
13- Explain declaration and referencing of arrays with examples.
- Explain array subscripts and sequential access using for loops.
- Explain how array elements can be passed to functions.
- Explain array arguments with a suitable C program.
- Explain searching an array.
- Explain sorting an array.
- Explain parallel arrays and enumerated types.
- Explain multidimensional arrays with an example.
- Explain string basics and string representation in C.
- Explain string library functions used for string operations.
- Explain string concatenation and whole-line input.
- Explain string comparison with examples.
- Explain arrays of pointers.
10-Mark Questions
8- Explain one-dimensional arrays in C, including declaration, referencing, subscripts and sequential access.
- Explain passing arrays to functions and demonstrate array arguments with a suitable program.
- Explain searching and sorting of arrays with suitable examples.
- Explain multidimensional arrays with declaration, initialization and accessing elements.
- Explain strings in C and discuss string assignment, concatenation, input and comparison.
- Explain important string library functions with suitable examples.
- Explain parallel arrays, enumerated types and arrays of pointers.
- Develop a C program to perform searching and sorting operations on an array.
Unit IV
Recursion, Structures & Unions
Recursive Functions and User-Defined Data Types
2-Mark Questions
15- What is recursion?
- What is a recursive function?
- What is the base condition in recursion?
- What is meant by tracing a recursive function?
- Give two examples of recursive mathematical functions.
- What are recursive array functions?
- What are recursive string functions?
- What is a structure in C?
- What is a user-defined structure type?
- How is structure data passed to a function?
- What is a structured result value?
- What is a union?
- What is the difference between a structure and a union?
- Why are user-defined data types useful?
- What is a structure type data parameter?
5-Mark Questions
11- Explain the nature of recursion with an example.
- Explain how a recursive function is traced.
- Explain recursive mathematical functions with examples.
- Explain recursive functions with array parameters.
- Explain recursive functions with string parameters.
- Explain user-defined structure types.
- Explain passing structure data as input and output parameters.
- Explain functions with structured result values.
- Explain union types in C.
- Differentiate between structures and unions.
- Explain the advantages of user-defined data types.
10-Mark Questions
7- Explain recursion in detail and demonstrate the execution of a recursive function using tracing.
- Explain recursive mathematical functions with suitable C programs.
- Explain recursive functions with array and string parameters.
- Explain user-defined structures, structure parameters and structured result values with examples.
- Explain union types in C and compare them with structures.
- Develop a C program using structures and functions to process structured data.
- Explain how recursion and user-defined data types can be used to solve complex programming problems.
Unit V
Files, Searching & Sorting
Text Files, Binary Files, Searching and Sorting Algorithms
2-Mark Questions
15- What is a file in C?
- What is a file pointer?
- What is file input/output?
- What is a text file?
- What is a binary file?
- What is the purpose of a file pointer?
- What is meant by searching a database?
- What is linear search?
- What is binary search?
- What is sorting?
- What is bubble sort?
- What is insertion sort?
- What is selection sort?
- What is the basic idea of linear search?
- What is the basic idea of binary search?
5-Mark Questions
12- Explain text file input/output in C.
- Explain file pointers and their role in file operations.
- Explain binary files.
- Explain the process of searching a database using files.
- Explain linear search with an example.
- Explain binary search with an example.
- Explain the bubble sort algorithm.
- Explain the insertion sort algorithm.
- Explain the selection sort algorithm.
- Compare linear search and binary search.
- Explain the basic steps involved in sorting an array.
- Explain the working principle of bubble, insertion and selection sorting.
10-Mark Questions
8- Explain text and binary file operations in C with suitable examples.
- Explain file pointers and input/output operations on files.
- Explain searching a database using file operations.
- Explain linear and binary search algorithms with algorithms and suitable C programs.
- Explain bubble sort, insertion sort and selection sort with algorithms and examples.
- Compare linear search and binary search and discuss their applications.
- Develop a C program to implement searching and sorting operations on an array.
- Explain fundamental searching and sorting techniques used for processing data efficiently.
Exam Preparation Tip
Begin with the 2-mark questions to revise important definitions and concepts. Then practice the 5-mark questions for conceptual understanding and use the 10-mark questions to prepare detailed answers and programming-based questions.